International Journal of Learning Spaces Studies

Abstract The main goal of this research is to identify and prioritize the basic indicators of Internet energy in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. This research examines the subject literature and utilizes past researches, and with the help of experts in this field, it has identified a number of factors affecting the internet of energy in the fourth industry. At first, Delphi technique was used to identify effective factors. At this stage, related articles were reviewed. In the first stage, the criteria were extracted with a comparative (quantitative) approach and the options were ranked using the critical model. The results of this research showed that, despite the implementation of a wide range of researches related to the factors affecting internet energy in the past and present, this category can be examined more carefully and thoughtfully. This research, relying on theoretical foundations, has tried to fill the scientific and practical gap of knowing the options effective on the Internet of Energy. 8 criteria were identified. The criteria identified are laws and regulations, individual and human factors, financing, technological infrastructure, cultural and social factors, security factors, technological resources and knowledge resources. The technological infrastructure index is the first priority and the financing index is the second priority.

Abstract present study sought to identify human resource educational management based on artificial intelligence. The researcher analyzed the results and findings of previous researchers using a systematic review and meta-synthesis approach and identified effective factors by performing the 7 steps of the Sandelowski and Barroso method. Of 277 articles, 25 were selected based on the CASP method. The validity of the analysis was also confirmed with a kappa coefficient of 0.760. In this context, the kappa method was used to measure reliability and quality control, and its value was identified at the excellent agreement level for the identified indicators. The analyzing of the data collected in the ATLAS TI software resulted in the identification of 48 initial codes in 9 categories. Based on the meta-synthesis technique, 9 categories were also categorized as employee recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, employee retention and satisfaction, talent management, strategic decision-making, employee experience, change management, and ethical and privacy issues. According to the results, AI-based HRM not only increases the efficiency and productivity of organizations but also creates new opportunities for skill development and workforce advancement by improving strategic decision-making in the field of HR. The use of AI technologies can make traditional HR processes such as recruitment, performance evaluation, and professional development smarter and more accurate, and allow organizations to respond more quickly to environmental changes. However, the successful implementation of this transformation requires culture building, employee training, and coordination between AI and human factors to fully benefit from this technology.

Abstract This study aims to present an intelligent knowledge extraction model for educational environments. The participants were managers of educational centers. Sampling was conducted with 18 experts and specialists. The data collection tools were a review of upstream documents related to education and data extraction in the library section, and semi-structured interviews. The content analysis method based on the Attride-Stirling model was employed to analyze qualitative data. To measure reliability, the Holst coefficient, Scott's p-coefficient, Cohen's kappa index, and Krippendorff's alpha were utilized and confirmed. ATLASTI software was utilized in the content analysis section. In the research employing the Stirling-Darling technique, 75 initial codes were identified across 15 initial themes, which were further categorized into 5 constituent themes. Foundational Concepts and Theoretical Frameworks, Technological Integration and Data Management, Learning Environments and Pedagogical Strategies, Assessment, Evaluation, and Challenges, Future Directions, Professional Development, and Community Engagement. The successful implementation of knowledge extraction in educational centers necessitates a comprehensive approach that considers all these elements in an integrated manner. Advanced technologies should be employed to collect and analyze educational data. Furthermore, the internal and external conditions of educational institutions should be designed and enhanced to facilitate the optimal utilization of this data. This initiative has the potential to transform educational processes and result in significant enhancements in the quality of teaching and learning within educational institutions. To facilitate the flourishing of knowledge extraction within educational models and enhance educational centers, it is crucial to pay attention to infrastructure, internal conditions, and environmental factors.

Abstract Modern marketing views markets as a platform where companies and customers share resources and capabilities to create dual value via innovative learning processes, communication, engagement in production, and service delivery. This research focuses on the dual perspective of value to uncover the antecedents and consequences of customer engagement. It uses an experimental and quantitative approach and applies purpose and descriptive-correlative methodology. Customers with active engagement in Mashhad's 5-star hotels make up the statistical population of this study. A questionnaire was used to gather data, which was then analyzed using the partial least square method. The results show a substantial influence of 1 variables as antecedents for customer engagement (six items involving company resources and six items involving customer resources) and a significant effect of customer engagement on ten variables as consequences of customer engagement (4 cases related to value for the customer and 6 cases related to value for the company.

Abstract Abstract
Introduction: ICT integration has transformed education, with virtual labs emerging as potential tools to enhance biology learning.
Purpose: This study conducted a comprehensive review to investigate the impact of virtual laboratories on student learning outcomes across various biology topics.
Methods: A systematic review protocol was employed to identify and select relevant articles from Google Scholar, ERIC, Web of Science, Civilica, and SID. These databases were searched for journal and conference papers on the use of virtual laboratories in biology education.
Findings: The review revealed that virtual laboratories are effective tools for teaching biology, particularly in abstract areas like cellular and molecular biology, genetics, and microbiology, as well as practical subjects such as dissection and biotechnology. These labs enhance students' conceptual understanding, practical skills, motivation, and attitudes. Realistic simulations within virtual laboratories were found to be particularly beneficial. However, a combination of virtual and real laboratories is recommended for optimal outcomes.
Conclusion: While realistic simulations within virtual laboratories are effective, combining virtual and real laboratory experiences is essential for maximizing student learning and providing safer, more cost-effective opportunities for scientific inquiry.

Abstract The purpose of this article is to critically examine the design of Iran's Olympic opening dress: its challenges and effects on Iran's national identity.
This study utilized a review-based approach, analyzing previous research on Iran's Olympic uniform designs and the criticisms they received. Additionally, it included surveys, public and media critiques, and a comparative analysis of successful international designs to provide a comprehensive evaluation.
The results indicate that Iran's Olympic uniforms have struggled to align with global standards and effectively represent national identity. These designs have generally failed to make a positive impact on the international stage and have not adequately utilized cultural symbols or modern technologies. Comparisons with successful global designs reveal that these outfits face challenges in effectively communicating with audiences and representing national identity.
To improve future designs, it is recommended that Iran's National Olympic Committee strengthen collaboration with cultural and social experts and consult international advisors to better align with global standards. Additionally, establishing continuous evaluation processes to identify and address weaknesses, forming specialized teams, and providing designers with training are advised to enhance the quality of designs and elevate Iran's national prestige on the international stage.